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Angiopteris evecta

(G.Forst.) Hoffm. (1794)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Pteridophyta Class/Clade: Polypodiopsida Order: Marattiales Family: Marattiaceae Genus: Angiopteris

giant fern, mule’s-foot fern, mule's-foot fern

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Sori:

Gametophyte:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (53)

Angiopteris acrocarpa De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris affinis De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris alata Nadeaud (1897)
Angiopteris amboinensis De Vriese (1852)
Angiopteris angustata Miq. (1849)
Angiopteris ankolana De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris aphanosorus De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris approximata De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris athroocarpa Alderw. (1922)
Angiopteris aurata De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris beecheyana De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris brongniartiana De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris canaliculata Holttum (1978)
Angiopteris commutata C.Presl (1845)
Angiopteris cupreata De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris cuspidata De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris dregeana De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris elongata Hieron. (1919)
Angiopteris erecta Desv. (1827)
Angiopteris evanidostriata Hieron. (1920)
Angiopteris evecta var. rurutensis E.D.Br. (1931)
Angiopteris grisea Alderw. (1917)
Angiopteris hellwigii Hieron. (1920)
Angiopteris inconstans Alderw. (1918)
Angiopteris intricata C.Presl (1862)
Angiopteris lancifoliolata Alderw. (1922)
Angiopteris lasegueana De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris lauterbachii Hieron. (1920)
Angiopteris longifolia Grev. & Hook. (1833)
Angiopteris lorentzii Rosenst. (1912)
Angiopteris medogensis Ching & Y.X.Lin (1984)
Angiopteris microsporangia De Vriese (1852)
Angiopteris miqueliana De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris monstruosa Alderw. (1920)
Angiopteris naumannii Hieron. (1919)
Angiopteris novocaledonica Hieron. (1919)
Angiopteris oligotheca Hieron. (1919)
Angiopteris olivacea Alderw. (1917)
Angiopteris palauensis Hieron. (1919)
Angiopteris pallescens De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris pallida Rosenst. (1917)
Angiopteris papandayanensis Hieron. (1919)
Angiopteris presliana De Vriese (1851)
Angiopteris ruttenii Alderw. (1918)
Angiopteris similis C.Presl (1852)
Angiopteris stellatosora C.Chr. (1933)
Angiopteris subfurfuracea Alderw. (1913)
Angiopteris teysmanniana De Vriese (1850)
Angiopteris uncinata De Vriese (1853)
Angiopteris willinkii Miquel (1853)
Callipteris heterophylla T.Moore (1861)
Danaea evecta (G.Forst.) Spreng. (1799)
Polypodium evectum G.Forst. (1786)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Potentially Naturalizing
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind

Vegetative Reproduction

Bibliography

Name Published In: Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 12: 29 (1794)

Other References

Palmer 2003:48 (O, L, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:39 (DESCR); Wood 2006:18 (K); Oppenheimer 2010:37 (Mo); Paul Higashino pers. comm. 2025 (Ka? [observed but no spm. from under rain catchment])

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum Preserved_Specimen Knobloch, I.W. 2529 Oahu BISH 1978-02-08
2 Angiopteris evecta Foster Gardens. Pinnules picked up from gound, under the large fronds Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1957-08-01
3 Angiopteris evecta Waihanau Stream mossy intermittent stream bank, shady, disturbed; Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen to 3 m fern Oppenheimer, H.L. 90816 Molokai BISH 2008-09-24
4 Angiopteris evecta Hwy 11, 16-17 mile marker, Puna District along roadside Along the highway, wet, open, disturbed, mixed with other non-native plant species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 3000602 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
5 Angiopteris evecta Koolau summit, Koloa Gulch In main stream, in bottom of gulch, with Metrosideros polymorpha, Broussaisia. Preserved_Specimen Juvenile ca. 16 in. tall. Wong, K. 99 Oahu BISH 2008-09-18
6 Angiopteris evecta Honolulu, 1930 Ualakaa St Introduced by G.P. Wilder from Tahiti, where it is found in deep moist valleys. Preserved_Specimen Fern with a few fronds rising obliquely from ground to 6ft. high. Rachis thick, black, clasping at base. Perfect pinna tipped with long pointed pinnule. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1941-02-14
7 Angiopteris evecta Round Top-Tantalus Forest Reserve. Manoa Cliff Trail Mesic forest Preserved_Specimen Perennial fern to 3.5 m. Annable, C.R. 3279 Oahu BISH 1997-01-30
8 Angiopteris evecta sIsland: Hawaii: Area Deseription: Hwy 11, 16 - 17 mile marker, Puna District, along roadside Along the highway, wet open, disturbed, mixed with ot her non-native plant species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 3000601 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
9 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Harrison area shady, well drained Preserved_Specimen 6+' long fronds Baker, R.F. 83 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
10 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing along a steep bank, in dense shade near fern grotto and bromeliad garden, muddy and wet. Preserved_Specimen Extremely large fern 1-1.5 ft in diameter at base, fronds to 25 ft long. Crago, L.M. 2005245 Oahu BISH 2005-12-06
11 Angiopteris evecta Ka'au Crater Trail. Before the trail ascends the ridge, stream bottom area Moist forest, partly sunny Preserved_Specimen Massive fern ca 4m wide Faccenda, K. 1950 Oahu BISH 2021-06-05
12 Angiopteris evecta Harrison area Shady. Well drained site. Preserved_Specimen Fronds in excess of 6 ft. long. Baker, R.F. 83 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
13 Angiopteris evecta Kipapa Trail, ~1 mi from refuge boundary, N side of trail, ~4-5 m off trail Metrosideros, Acacia, Dicranopteris; wet lowland forest Preserved_Specimen very large fern; fronds ~3 m long, 5 present, 4 fertile Reynolds, L.S. 139 Oahu BISH 2006-06-14
14 Angiopteris evecta Along the power line trail, 13 kms west of Kapaa. Unspecified Kelsey Brock 917 Kauai HAPI 9/30/2016
15 Angiopteris evecta 7341 Alealea Rd, Hanalei, HI 96714, USA HUMAN_OBSERVATION -868728425 Kauai HAPI 1/18/2012
16 Angiopteris evecta Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii National Park, HI, US HUMAN_OBSERVATION Kauai Invasive Species Committee Hawaii HAPI 4/20/2010
17 Angiopteris evecta Koloa District National Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai Valley, McBryde Garden, Bamboo Bridge area on west bank of Lawai Stream Cultivated Preserved_Specimen Terrestrail fern, caudex ca. 25 cm. tall and wide, with stipule-like flanges at base of petioles; 3 fronds to ca. 2 meters long, petiole ca. 1 meter, blade ca. 1 meter long and wide, blade broadly elliptic, pinnae 6 per side; pinnules medium green above, paler below. 1 frond fertile. Lorence, D.H. 10791 Kauai BISH 2019-06-12
18 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing along a steep bank, in dense shade near fern grotto and bromeliad garden, muddy and wet. Preserved_Specimen Extremely large fern 1-1.5 ft in diameter at base, fronds to 25 ft long. Crago, L.M. 2005245 Oahu BISH 2005-12-06
19 Angiopteris evecta Manoa Valley W of Honolulu Along a stream to a waterfall. Preserved_Specimen Kato, M. 14 Oahu BISH 1997-10-16
20 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum Preserved_Specimen Knobloch, I.W. 2529 Oahu BISH 1978-02-08
21 Angiopteris evecta Foster Gardens. Pinnules picked up from gound, under the large fronds Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1957-08-01
22 Angiopteris evecta Waihanau Stream mossy intermittent stream bank, shady, disturbed; Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen to 3 m fern Oppenheimer, H.L. 90816 Molokai BISH 2008-09-24
23 Angiopteris evecta Hwy 11, 16-17 mile marker, Puna District along roadside Along the highway, wet, open, disturbed, mixed with other non-native plant species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 3000602 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
24 Angiopteris evecta Koolau summit, Koloa Gulch In main stream, in bottom of gulch, with Metrosideros polymorpha, Broussaisia. Preserved_Specimen Juvenile ca. 16 in. tall. Wong, K. 99 Oahu BISH 2008-09-18
25 Angiopteris evecta Honolulu, 1930 Ualakaa St Introduced by G.P. Wilder from Tahiti, where it is found in deep moist valleys. Preserved_Specimen Fern with a few fronds rising obliquely from ground to 6ft. high. Rachis thick, black, clasping at base. Perfect pinna tipped with long pointed pinnule. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1941-02-14
26 Angiopteris evecta Round Top-Tantalus Forest Reserve. Manoa Cliff Trail Mesic forest Preserved_Specimen Perennial fern to 3.5 m. Annable, C.R. 3279 Oahu BISH 1997-01-30
27 Angiopteris evecta sIsland: Hawaii: Area Deseription: Hwy 11, 16 - 17 mile marker, Puna District, along roadside Along the highway, wet open, disturbed, mixed with ot her non-native plant species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 3000601 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
28 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Harrison area shady, well drained Preserved_Specimen 6+' long fronds Baker, R.F. 83 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
29 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing along a steep bank, in dense shade near fern grotto and bromeliad garden, muddy and wet. Preserved_Specimen Extremely large fern 1-1.5 ft in diameter at base, fronds to 25 ft long. Crago, L.M. 2005245 Oahu BISH 2005-12-06
30 Angiopteris evecta Ka'au Crater Trail. Before the trail ascends the ridge, stream bottom area Moist forest, partly sunny Preserved_Specimen Massive fern ca 4m wide Faccenda, K. 1950 Oahu BISH 2021-06-05
31 Angiopteris evecta Harrison area Shady. Well drained site. Preserved_Specimen Fronds in excess of 6 ft. long. Baker, R.F. 83 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
32 Angiopteris evecta Kipapa Trail, ~1 mi from refuge boundary, N side of trail, ~4-5 m off trail Metrosideros, Acacia, Dicranopteris; wet lowland forest Preserved_Specimen very large fern; fronds ~3 m long, 5 present, 4 fertile Reynolds, L.S. 139 Oahu BISH 2006-06-14
33 Angiopteris evecta Along the power line trail, 13 kms west of Kapaa. Unspecified Kelsey Brock 917 Kauai HAPI 9/30/2016
34 Angiopteris evecta 7341 Alealea Rd, Hanalei, HI 96714, USA HUMAN_OBSERVATION -868728425 Kauai HAPI 1/18/2012
35 Angiopteris evecta Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii National Park, HI, US HUMAN_OBSERVATION Kauai Invasive Species Committee Hawaii HAPI 4/20/2010
36 Angiopteris evecta Koloa District National Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai Valley, McBryde Garden, Bamboo Bridge area on west bank of Lawai Stream Cultivated Preserved_Specimen Terrestrail fern, caudex ca. 25 cm. tall and wide, with stipule-like flanges at base of petioles; 3 fronds to ca. 2 meters long, petiole ca. 1 meter, blade ca. 1 meter long and wide, blade broadly elliptic, pinnae 6 per side; pinnules medium green above, paler below. 1 frond fertile. Lorence, D.H. 10791 Kauai BISH 2019-06-12
37 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing along a steep bank, in dense shade near fern grotto and bromeliad garden, muddy and wet. Preserved_Specimen Extremely large fern 1-1.5 ft in diameter at base, fronds to 25 ft long. Crago, L.M. 2005245 Oahu BISH 2005-12-06
38 Angiopteris evecta Manoa Valley W of Honolulu Along a stream to a waterfall. Preserved_Specimen Kato, M. 14 Oahu BISH 1997-10-16
39 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum Preserved_Specimen Knobloch, I.W. 2529 Oahu BISH 1978-02-08
40 Angiopteris evecta Foster Gardens. Pinnules picked up from gound, under the large fronds Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1957-08-01
41 Angiopteris evecta Waihanau Stream mossy intermittent stream bank, shady, disturbed; Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen to 3 m fern Oppenheimer, H.L. 90816 Molokai BISH 2008-09-24
42 Angiopteris evecta Hwy 11, 16-17 mile marker, Puna District along roadside Along the highway, wet, open, disturbed, mixed with other non-native plant species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 3000602 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
43 Angiopteris evecta Koolau summit, Koloa Gulch In main stream, in bottom of gulch, with Metrosideros polymorpha, Broussaisia. Preserved_Specimen Juvenile ca. 16 in. tall. Wong, K. 99 Oahu BISH 2008-09-18
44 Angiopteris evecta Honolulu, 1930 Ualakaa St Introduced by G.P. Wilder from Tahiti, where it is found in deep moist valleys. Preserved_Specimen Fern with a few fronds rising obliquely from ground to 6ft. high. Rachis thick, black, clasping at base. Perfect pinna tipped with long pointed pinnule. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1941-02-14
45 Angiopteris evecta Round Top-Tantalus Forest Reserve. Manoa Cliff Trail Mesic forest Preserved_Specimen Perennial fern to 3.5 m. Annable, C.R. 3279 Oahu BISH 1997-01-30
46 Angiopteris evecta sIsland: Hawaii: Area Deseription: Hwy 11, 16 - 17 mile marker, Puna District, along roadside Along the highway, wet open, disturbed, mixed with ot her non-native plant species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 3000601 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
47 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Harrison area shady, well drained Preserved_Specimen 6+' long fronds Baker, R.F. 83 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
48 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing along a steep bank, in dense shade near fern grotto and bromeliad garden, muddy and wet. Preserved_Specimen Extremely large fern 1-1.5 ft in diameter at base, fronds to 25 ft long. Crago, L.M. 2005245 Oahu BISH 2005-12-06
49 Angiopteris evecta Ka'au Crater Trail. Before the trail ascends the ridge, stream bottom area Moist forest, partly sunny Preserved_Specimen Massive fern ca 4m wide Faccenda, K. 1950 Oahu BISH 2021-06-05
50 Angiopteris evecta Harrison area Shady. Well drained site. Preserved_Specimen Fronds in excess of 6 ft. long. Baker, R.F. 83 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
51 Angiopteris evecta Kipapa Trail, ~1 mi from refuge boundary, N side of trail, ~4-5 m off trail Metrosideros, Acacia, Dicranopteris; wet lowland forest Preserved_Specimen very large fern; fronds ~3 m long, 5 present, 4 fertile Reynolds, L.S. 139 Oahu BISH 2006-06-14
52 Angiopteris evecta Along the power line trail, 13 kms west of Kapaa. Unspecified Kelsey Brock 917 Kauai HAPI 9/30/2016
53 Angiopteris evecta 7341 Alealea Rd, Hanalei, HI 96714, USA HUMAN_OBSERVATION -868728425 Kauai HAPI 1/18/2012
54 Angiopteris evecta Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii National Park, HI, US HUMAN_OBSERVATION Kauai Invasive Species Committee Hawaii HAPI 4/20/2010
55 Angiopteris evecta Koloa District National Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai Valley, McBryde Garden, Bamboo Bridge area on west bank of Lawai Stream Cultivated Preserved_Specimen Terrestrail fern, caudex ca. 25 cm. tall and wide, with stipule-like flanges at base of petioles; 3 fronds to ca. 2 meters long, petiole ca. 1 meter, blade ca. 1 meter long and wide, blade broadly elliptic, pinnae 6 per side; pinnules medium green above, paler below. 1 frond fertile. Lorence, D.H. 10791 Kauai BISH 2019-06-12
56 Angiopteris evecta Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing along a steep bank, in dense shade near fern grotto and bromeliad garden, muddy and wet. Preserved_Specimen Extremely large fern 1-1.5 ft in diameter at base, fronds to 25 ft long. Crago, L.M. 2005245 Oahu BISH 2005-12-06
57 Angiopteris evecta Manoa Valley W of Honolulu Along a stream to a waterfall. Preserved_Specimen Kato, M. 14 Oahu BISH 1997-10-16
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